一件装裱完整的书画，各部位有一定的名称。鉴定书画时，须对书画每个部位的名称术语，有多个方面的了解。下面
济南收购字画人员为您讲解下。
A complete framed painting and calligraphy, each part has a certain name. When appraising calligraphy and painting, we should have a comprehensive understanding of the names and terms of each part of the painting and calligraphy. Next, Jinan's acquisition of calligraphy and painting personnel will explain to you.
1.命纸：就是画心的托纸，无论画心是纸的还是绢的都有一层托纸。如果把画心的托纸揭掉，画心则减色无神了，即无生命，故名“命纸”。
1. Life paper: It is the paper that draws the heart. Whether the heart is made of paper or silk, there is a layer of paper. If the supporting paper of the painting heart is removed, the painting heart will be colorless and lifeless, that is, lifeless, hence the name "life paper".
2.二层：揭下的托纸，有时稍加匀填，即能谓其真画者，叫“二层”，又叫“魂于”，因其是画心二层，是命纸画的灵魂。也叫“混子”，是以假乱真的意思。在收购书画时，有可能遇到这种情况，应特别注意。
2. The second layer: the removed supporting paper, sometimes slightly filled, can be called the true painting, called "the second layer", also called "soul in", because it is the second layer of painting heart, and is the soul of life paper painting. Also called "bastard", it means to confuse fake with real. When purchasing calligraphy and painting, we may encounter this situation, and we should pay special attention to it.
3.让局：就是画心四边和裱边之间留有一分宽的空隙。谓之“让局”。
3. Give way: there is a wide gap between the four sides of the painting center and the mounting edge. It is called "concession".
4.覆背：就是画幅背后整个的裱纸。
4. Back covering: it is the whole paper mounted on the back of the painting.
5.隔界：就是在条幅的上下或者手卷的前后，裱工加上一条不同颜色的绫或绢叫“隔界”成叫“隔水”。
5. Separation: The framer adds a different color of silk or silk on the top and bottom of the banner or at the front and back of the scroll, which is called "separation".
6.诗堂：就是直幅画心上端，挂上一块纸方叫“诗堂”。一因器心短，经过衬托后比较得体；二是为了题诗赞画，所以叫“诗堂”，有人亦称“玉池”。
6. Poetry hall: It is called "Poetry Hall" by hanging a piece of paper on the top of the painting. First, because of its short heart, it is more appropriate after setting off; The second is to inscribe poems and praise paintings, so it is called "Poetry Hall". Some people also call it "Jade Pool".
7.画杆：就是卷画用的圆木杆，画上端较细的叫“天杆”，下端较粗的叫“地杆”。
7. Painting pole: It is a round wooden pole used for painting. The thinner one at the top of the painting is called "sky pole", and the thicker one at the bottom is called "ground pole".
8.轴头：就是在地杆两端按的轴头，轴头多数是用红木、紫檀、牛角、象牙制品，轴头不仅增加画轴的美观，而且展卷灵活。
8. Shaft head: It is the shaft head pressed at both ends of the ground pole. Most of the shaft heads are made of mahogany, rosewood, ox horn and ivory. The shaft head not only increases the beauty of the painting shaft, but also is flexible.
9.绊：在画幅背后地杆两边有两条绫或绢，如葫芦或云头样式的厢边叫“绊”。是为了保护画杆不致下落而设的。
9. Tripping: There are two pieces of silk or silk on both sides of the pole behind the picture, such as the side of the box in the shape of gourd or cloud head, called "Tripping". It is designed to protect the painting rod from falling.
10.包首：就是在画上首袖裱纸背后加架裱一段绢或缅绫。卷好后能包住画轴之首，故叫“包首”。
10. Wrapping the head: It is to mount a piece of silk or Myanmar silk on the back of the paper on the first sleeve of the painting. After being rolled, it can cover the top of the scroll, so it is called "wrap the top".
11.画签：在包首上端天杆粘有一段纸条叫“画签”。它是题写作者姓名和画的内容以及收藏者的姓名、年、月。
11. Draw a sign: there is a piece of paper called "draw a sign" on the top of the top pole of the package head. It is inscribed with the name of the author, the content of the painting and the name, year and month of the collector.
12.曲圈：就是画的天杆上钉的铜鼻，用它拴丝A，以便悬挂。
12. Curved circle: refers to the painted copper nose nailed on the ceiling, which is used to tie wire A for hanging.
13.扎带：就是丝A中间拴的绢带，用来捆札画轴的。
13. Binding: It is the silk belt tied in the middle of Silk A, which is used to bind the painting scroll.
14.燕带：就是画幅裱工的上端，粘有两条对称的直带叫“燕带”。
14. Swallow belt: It is the upper end of the frame mounter. There are two symmetrical straight belts called "Swallow belt".
The relevant contents of the names and terms of each part when mounting the calligraphy and painting are explained above. You can use them as a reference. Of course, since you are purchasing or collecting, you need to learn more about the relevant information to avoid being cheated. Follow us http://www.jinandayatang.com , understand the precautions!
