The combination of poems, calligraphy, paintings, seals and inscriptions in Chinese painting flourished in the Yuan Dynasty. Before the Song Dynasty, few calligraphers and painters put seals on calligraphy and paintings. After the Yuan Dynasty, they became popular. Inscriptions, postscripts and seals became one of the important auxiliary basis for identifying famous calligraphy and painting. The following small series to give you a specific description of the identification of celebrity calligraphy and painting of the auxiliary basis.

一、印章。名人字画上的印章一般有两类，一类是书画家自己的印章，在作书之后，加钤印章，以表示该书画确为自己所作；另一类是鉴赏或收藏章，收藏者和鉴赏者用此表示自己的鉴定和收藏。印章既然是一种证明物，也就成为书画鉴定中判断作品真伪的辅助依据之一。

1、 Seal. There are generally two types of seals on famous people's calligraphy and paintings. One is the seal of the calligrapher and painter. After the book is made, the seal is added to show that the painting and calligraphy are really made by themselves; the other is the appreciation or collection seal, which is used by collectors and connoisseurs to express their identification and collection. Since the seal is a kind of proof, it has become one of the auxiliary basis for judging the authenticity of works in the identification of calligraphy and painting.

二、题跋。名人书画的题跋包括作者的题跋，与作者同时代人的题跋和后人的题跋。作者题跋的内容大多数是为了说明这件作品为谁而作，为何而作，同时代人的题跋内容大多为说明这作品的创作过程和赞扬作者的技法等。后人题跋则是考证其真伪和收藏源流等。题跋是书画鉴定中的一个需要注意的地方，作者题跋的不同格式是书画鉴定的依据之一。

2、 Preface and postscript. The inscriptions and postscripts of famous people's calligraphy and painting include the author's postscript, contemporaries' postscript and posterity's postscript. Most of the contents of the author's inscriptions and postscripts are to explain who and why the work was made. Most of the contents of the postscript of the contemporaries mainly explain the creation process of this work and the techniques of praising the author. The posterity's inscriptions and postscripts are to verify its authenticity and collection source. Inscriptions and postscripts are an important part in the identification of calligraphy and painting. The different formats of the inscriptions and postscripts are one of the bases for the identification of calligraphy and painting.

三、纸绢。传统的卷轴书画一般都写画在纸绢上，不同时代的纸绢，有不同的特点，在不同的纸绢上写字作画，便会出现不同的艺术效果。书画家在纸绢的选用上，往往有个人不同的喜好，这些，对书画的鉴定也具有重要的参考作用。书画家常根据自己的写画习惯和表现技法，选用与之相适应的纸绢，以达到理想的艺术效果。

3、 Paper silk. Traditional Chinese scroll calligraphy and painting are generally written on paper silk. Different times of paper silk have different characteristics. Writing and painting on different paper silk will produce different artistic effects. Calligraphers and painters often have different preferences in the selection of paper silk, which also has an important reference role in the identification of calligraphy and painting. The calligraphers and painters often choose the appropriate paper silk according to their painting habits and performance techniques, so as to achieve the ideal artistic effect.

四、装潢。各时代的书画，其装潢格式及其装潢所用的质料均不同，这对鉴定名人书画也能起到一定的辅助参考作用。加之前人的收藏印多钤盖于裱件的接缝上，这同装潢的格式也有关系。书画常见的装潢格式有立轴、挂屏、手卷、横披、镜片和册页等。每一个印章所的部位都有其特点，形成一定的格式，而不少赝品上的伪印，则往往乱盖乱打，毫无规律。

4、 Decoration. The styles and materials used in the decoration of calligraphy and painting in different times are different, which can also play a certain auxiliary reference role in the identification of famous calligraphy and painting. In addition, the seals used in the collection of predecessors cover the seams of the mounting pieces, which is also related to the decoration format. The common decoration forms of calligraphy and painting include vertical axis, hanging screen, scroll, horizontal drape, lens and album. Each part of the seal has its own characteristics and forms a certain format. However, the forgery seals on many forgeries are often stamped randomly and without regularity.

以上就是关于鉴定名人字画的辅助依据。希望可以帮助到大家。

The above is about the identification of celebrity calligraphy and painting auxiliary basis. I hope it can help you.