常见很多朋友字画裱件好多是机裱(在外地购的)，粗糙不堪!那些精品字画啊，那些画大价钱买的画啊，真的让人很痛心!其实有许多是假画，但水平不错，不比一些所谓的名家大佬差，就好比现在的山寨机。只可惜装裱太差，倘若精心装裱，恐怕高手鉴定也不易辨啊！今天，字画鉴定评估就和大家说说如何区别两者。这里我仅仅简单的写几点字画装裱后，手裱和机裱呈现出的特点：
A lot of common friends'handwriting and painting mounting pieces are machine mounted (bought in the field), rough! Those fine handwriting and painting, those paintings bought at a high price, really sad! In fact, there are many fake paintings, but the level is good, not worse than some so-called celebrities, just like the Shanzhai machine now. Unfortunately, mounting is too bad. If mounted carefully, I'm afraid the expert identification is not easy to distinguish. Today, the appraisal of calligraphy and painting will tell you how to distinguish the two. Here I simply write a few words and paintings mounted, hand mounted and machine mounted show the characteristics:
一、机器装裱：画面显得有些虚澎，不光滑，有点粗糙，摸摸，有点潮呼呼的感觉，用手弹一下会有“扑扑”的闷响，区别还是很大的。裱件背面则很光滑，那不是上的蜡，那是机裱专用的机裱纸，非宣纸，俗称洋纸，一面很糙或上了化工胶，一面则很光滑。
1. Machine mounting: The picture appears to be a little surreal, not smooth, a little rough, touch, a little tidal feeling, with a hand play will have "flutter" muffled sound, the difference is still very big. The back of the mounting piece is very smooth. It's not wax. It's special machine mounting paper for machine mounting. It's not Xuan paper. It's commonly called ocean paper. One side is very rough or covered with chemical glue, the other side is very smooth.
二、常见机器装裱的(很粗糙的)：画面上有很多点点、上机器压整时出现的皱纹及具体到细节，如嵌的线条毛糙、粗细不均等等，都是很明显的。这些都是机裱操作流程造成的，很难避免，只有严重不严重的区分。机裱裱件悬挂或装框后，很短时间便疲软不平;合格的手裱件则不会，劣工手裱的则不如机裱。

2. Common machine mounting (very rough): There are many dots on the screen, wrinkles and specific details, such as rough inlaid lines, uneven thickness and so on, which are very obvious. These are caused by the mounting operation process, which is difficult to avoid, only serious and not serious distinction. After mounting parts are suspended or framed, they become weak and uneven in a very short time; qualified mounting parts will not, and inferior worker mounting parts will be inferior to machine mounting.
三、机裱多盛行于北方：用于行画装裱，粗糙呆板;手工装裱能更好的展现出作品的墨晕，使画面不呆板。手工装裱需选择好手来裱，有些蹩脚师傅(甚或一知半解、刚出茅庐者)用浆问题尚未解决，导致裱件很硬，易折裂。收藏的字画，不是需要的，不要急于装裱覆背，理论上宜先托画心，有利收藏。收藏的画托画心，则必须手工装裱，这是不二选择;经常观看的书画作品，还是装裱覆背成成品好，方便拿放、欣赏。
3. Machine mounting is prevalent in the north: it is used for the mounting of popular paintings, rough and rigid; manual mounting can better show the ink halo of the work, so that the picture is not rigid. Hand mounting needs to choose good hand to mount, some poor master (or even half-knowledgeable, just out of the wool) pulping problem has not yet been solved, resulting in the hard mounting parts, easy to crack. Collection of calligraphy and paintings is not necessary, do not rush to mount back, in theory, should first hold the heart of the painting, beneficial collection. Collection of painting support heart, it must be mounted by hand, this is the second choice; often watch the painting and calligraphy works, the best is mounted back into finished products, easy to take, enjoy.
四、手工装裱：纸与纸之间贴的很密实，画面很光滑，把画悬起来抖一下或用手指弹一下会有“蹚蹚”龙吟一样响亮的声音。如是负责任的裱件，裱件背面则有上蜡的痕迹，那是为了保护画心;未上蜡则看得出宣纸纹样，不光滑。反复卷放，背面起毛会伤画心的，裱件背面一定要上蜡!
4. Hand-mounted: Paper and paper are pasted densely and the picture is very smooth. If you hang the picture up and shake it or flick it with your finger, you will have a loud voice like the Dragon chant. If it is a responsible mounting piece, there are wax marks on the back of the mounting piece, that is to protect the painting center; if it is not waxed, it can see the pattern of Xuan Paper, not smooth. Repeated roll-up, the back of the hair will hurt the heart of the painting, the back of the mounting must be waxed!
五、手工装裱与机器装裱的区别是，手工装裱很容易揭裱，喷水即可完成，且不损坏画心。但是机裱难揭裱，即使揭下来也对画心损害严重。所以建议手工装裱，起码手工托心。
Fifth, the biggest difference between manual mounting and machine mounting is that manual mounting is easy to uncover, water spraying can be completed without damaging the painting center. But machine mounting is difficult to uncover, even if uncovered, it will also cause serious damage to the painting center. Therefore, manual mounting is recommended, at least manual care.
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