收买名人字画判定要害
Buying celebrities and calligraphy to determine the key
我国字画历史渊源、博学多才，就是用千言万语也无法说清楚什么是我国字画。我国字画是让西方人崇拜的艺术。就说传统我国字画的特色就比西画更精深神奇。传统的我国字画不讲焦点，不着重自然界关于物体的光色改变，不拘泥于物体表面的类似。而是多着重抒情作者的片面爱情。我国字画考究“ 以形写神” ，寻求的是“ 妙在似与不似之间” 的感觉，“ 绝似又绝非像物者的真通” (徐悲鸿的名言)。而西画，考究“ 以形写形” ，当然，创造过程中，也考究“ 神” 的体现，但西画非常考究画面的全体、归纳。有人说，西画是“ 再现” 的艺术，而我国字画是“ 体现” 的艺术。
China's calligraphy and painting historical origins, erudite, even with thousands of words can not say clearly what is our calligraphy and painting. Chinese calligraphy and painting are the art of worshipping Westerners. It is said that the characteristics of traditional Chinese calligraphy and paintings are more profound and magical than western paintings. Traditional Chinese calligraphy and painting do not pay attention to the focus, do not focus on the natural world about the object of light and color changes, do not adhere to the surface of the object similar. It is the one-sided love that focuses on lyrical writers. Chinese calligraphy and painting study "to shape the spirit", seeking the "wonderful in the like and unlike" between the feeling, "absolutely similar and absolutely not like the true understanding of the object" (Xu Beihong's famous saying). Western paintings, of course, in the process of creation, also pay attention to the embodiment of "God", but Western paintings are very particular about the overall picture, induction. Some people say that Western painting is the art of "reappearance", while Chinese calligraphy and painting is the art of "embodiment".
字画辨别：
Distinguish between calligraphy and painting:
字画判定只是凭仗肉眼与经历辨认，其可靠性有很大的局限性，也存在困难并很难形成说服力，尤其是在拍卖现场或研讨会上;行业界都经过辅佐性的便携式视频显微镜来进行现场辨认!显微镜辨认可把细小的东西扩大，在100-200倍率左右就可很清晰看到宣纸的原料、墨迹的深浅、印章的细节、力度等信息，在显微镜下一望而知，有经历的古画、字画爱好者，依据这些信息，就可判别字画的时代、收支及真伪。
Characters and paintings are judged only by naked eyes and experience, and their reliability is limited, but also difficult and difficult to form convincing, especially at auction sites or seminars; the industry is identified on the spot through assistant portable video microscopes! The information about the raw materials, the depth of ink, the details and the strength of the seal can be clearly seen from around the magnification. From the microscope, experienced lovers of ancient paintings, calligraphy and painting can distinguish the age, revenue and expenditure and authenticity of calligraphy and painting.
也因便携式视频数码显微镜的共享性比较强，适用于现场(拍卖会、客户现场、朋友间的共享);又可实时摄影摄像，可进行比照存储;且便携式数码显微镜一般都有比照及丈量功能，是辅佐书画的判定剖析必备东西。
Also because of the sharing of portable video digital microscope is relatively strong, suitable for the scene (auction, customer site, sharing between friends); but also real-time photography and video, can be compared to store; and portable digital microscope generally has the function of comparison and measurement, is to assist the judgment of painting and calligraphy necessary things.
此外，比如说印章或签名、原料、题跋、保藏印、著录、装裱等这些都是可用来辨别书画的辅佐手段。印章是书画的证明物，作者以此证清晰为自己创造，而鉴赏家则以此表明自己的辨别。若干件书画著作常常运用同一印或几印，不会每件著作都新刻一印，所以从印章的真伪来辨别书画的真伪，尤其是经过对数件著作印章的比较来辨别，是有适当依据的。原料对书画的判定也是极其重要的，不同的原料有不同的特色，在不同的原料上作书画，会有不同的作用。尤其在国画和油画等截然不同的画种中体现杰出，即便在同一画种内部，原料引起的不同也不小，而这种不同与作家的喜爱以及其时可取的便当条件有关。当然除了这些以外，题跋、鉴藏印以及著录也对判定书画有的协助。
In addition, such as seals or signatures, raw materials, inscriptions and postscripts, preservation of seals, description, mounting and so on, these are used to identify the auxiliary means of painting and calligraphy. The seal is the proof of calligraphy and painting, the author creates for himself by proof of clarity, and the connoisseur shows his distinction by this. A number of calligraphy and painting works often use the same seal or several seals, not every work will be new engraved a seal, so from the authenticity of the seal to distinguish the authenticity of calligraphy and painting, especially through the comparison of several works seal to distinguish, there is a proper basis. Material judgment of painting and calligraphy is also extremely important, different raw materials have different characteristics, in different raw materials for painting and calligraphy, there will be different roles. Especially in Chinese paintings and oil paintings and other distinct types of outstanding, even within the same kind of painting, the difference caused by raw materials is not small, and this difference is related to the author's favorite and the desirable convenient conditions at the time. Of course, besides these, postscript, calligraphy, and cataloguing are also helpful for judging calligraphy and painting.
判定要害
Determine the key
判定还是以传统的办法为主，与个人的艺术修为及实践经历也有密切联系，其间，看翰墨是根底。
It is also closely related to one's own artistic practice and practical experience. In the meantime, calligraphy is the foundation.
1.笔”。这是要害。从用笔的功力就可看出水平几许。几十年的艺术修为与几年艺术修为的功力是大不相同的，能从用笔中体现出来。辨别中须将每一笔拆开，看其是否到位。
1. pens. This is the key. You can see how many levels you can use from the pen. Decades of artistic accomplishment and years of artistic accomplishment are very different, can be reflected in the pen. It is necessary to disconnect each one in order to see if it is in place.
2.墨”。看墨的层次，前笔和后笔能分隔，该重则重，该淡则淡。而且有神韵，如同“余音绕梁三日”一清二楚，前后层次分明。
2. ink. The level of ink is divided by the front pen and the back pen. And the charm is as clear as "lingering sounds for three days".
3.水”。要会用水，如“泼水法”。
3. water ". Water is used, such as water splashing.
4.色”。矿物质颜料，历史愈久越美丽，不会褪色，而植物质颜料则会随时刻而逐步褪色。
4. colors ". Mineral pigments, the more beautiful the history, will not fade, and plant pigments will fade at any time and gradually.
This article is organized by the Art Museum of Yatang at http://www.jinandayatang.com. Interested friends can pay attention to our acquisition of celebrity calligraphy and painting. We will provide you with the latest knowledge.
