1, the artistic level of the work itself.

作品本身的艺术水平，才是衡量其价值的主要因素。这涉及到书画的三境界：景物境界、笔墨境界和人文境界。一幅作品本身对山川自然“象其物宜”的描绘，就是景物的境界。可以看到它的技法、景色之美、章法布局之妙。如果在景物的基础上，还有“笔精墨妙”的笔墨境界那就更好。的山水画以笔取气得其阳刚之美，以墨取晕得其阴柔之美。笔墨的精妙可气韵，气韵生动乃画之高境。书画作品的人文境界可以体现在题材、画旨、画趣、诗词题跋等方面。就像李可染《童趣》的题画诗“忽闻蟋蟀鸣，容易秋风起”，一句题跋使整个画境因之鲜活，渗透出一股田园诗般的质朴深情。

The artistic level of the work itself is the main factor to measure its value. This involves the three realms of painting and Calligraphy: the realm of scenery, the state of painting and the realm of humanity. A painting itself depicts the natural "things like things" of mountains and rivers, that is, the realm of scenery. We can see its technique, the beauty of scenery and the layout of the layout. If there is a pen and ink in the scene, it will be better. Chinese landscapes draw their masculine beauty with pen, and get the beauty of yin and soft with ink. The ingenious beauty of the pen and ink can produce vitality and charm. The humanistic realm of painting and calligraphy works can be embodied in themes, paintings, paintings, poems and postscript. Just like Li Keran's painting poem "Suddenly sniffing crickets, easy to wind up in autumn", one inscription and postscript make the whole painting scene vivid, permeating a pastoral poetic simplicity and affection.

有些字画的市场可能由于一时的社会环境或偶然事件造成它的上升或下降，比如书画官员的卸任会导致其作品的直降。所以，收藏者要保持冷静的头脑，给艺术本体以足够的重视。

Some calligraphy and painting market prices may be due to a temporary social environment or accidental events caused by its rise or fall, such as calligraphy and painting officialdom will lead to the demise of the price of their works will be a direct drop. Therefore, collectors should keep a cool head and pay enough attention to the noumenon of art.

2、书法水平的高低

2, the level of calligraphy.

老一辈艺术家张仃曾呼吁“守住画的底线”，这个底线就是书法。书法表现在国画中，一是书法用笔，二是题跋书写的艺术美。画讲究书法用笔，“以书入画”是古代画家一直在实践和追求的。“骨法用笔”指的就是书法用笔。苏东坡、倪瓒、徐渭、黄宾虹等都是以书入画的高手。书法是一门需要长年累月练习的艺术，写书者要平心静气才行。现在好多画家不注重书法的练习，也不重视笔墨，导致画面没有笔墨的气韵，甚连款都不敢落，提笔露怯，这样的作品或艺术家就不算是潜力股。同样的作品，题跋较长者比穷款者价值要高一些。

Zhang Ding, the older generation of artists, has called for "keeping the bottom line of Chinese painting". This bottom line is calligraphy. Calligraphy is expressed in traditional Chinese painting, one is calligraphy, and the two is artistic beauty of writing. Chinese painting stresses calligraphy, and calligraphy is the practice and pursuit of ancient painters. "Bone pen" refers to calligraphy. Su Dongpo, Ni Zan, Xu Wei, Huang Binhong and so on are all masters of calligraphy. Calligraphy is an art that needs years of practice. Nowadays, many artists do not pay attention to calligraphy practice, nor pay attention to pen and ink, resulting in a picture without the charm of pen and ink, or even dare not drop a paragraph, brush show timidity, such works or artists is not a potential stock. For the same work, the longer the title is, the higher the value is than the poor.

3、有没有学术支撑

3, is there any academic support?

言之无文，行而不远。书画家的学术水平会影响他创作的深度和可持续度。理论指导实践，这也是古人要读万卷书的一个原因。通过阅读、创作与交流，久而形成自己的一套理论体系，或是对艺术的独特视角，这对艺术家的成长有重要的意义。这种知识还包括文学、史学、音乐、舞蹈、中医、太极等等，从传统文化中汲取营养，丰富和深化创作内涵，作品才有格调。

No words, no deeds. The academic level of calligraphers and artists will affect the depth and sustainability of his creation. Theory guides practice, which is also a reason why ancient people read thousands of books. Through reading, creating and communicating, we can form our own theoretical system or a unique perspective on art, which is of great significance to the growth of artists. This knowledge also includes literature, history, music, dance, traditional Chinese medicine, Tai Chi and so on. Only by drawing nourishment from the traditional culture and enriching and deepening the creative connotation can the works have style.

4、作者综合修养

4. Author's comprehensive accomplishment

人们常说“画如其人”“书如其人”。画是人格的显现，人格是修养的结果。如果一个画家画得很好，修养也高，那他就一定是潜力股。综合修养的提高，需要读万卷书和行万里路。尤其是古典文学方面的知识，要融会贯通，并在情感之时，配合意象诉诸笔端，形成独特的面貌。

People often say that "painting is like a human" and "books are like their own". Painting is the manifestation of personality, and personality is the result of self-cultivation. If a painter paints well and has a high degree of self-cultivation, he must be a potential stock. The improvement of comprehensive culture requires reading thousands of books and doing thousands of miles. Especially the knowledge of Chinese classical literature should be integrated, and in the emotional growth, with the image appeal to the pen, to form a unique look.

5、影响力和知名度

5. Influence and popularity

名家与非名家，是衡量艺术价值和投资价值的重要界限。在某种程度上，艺术品投资就是投资名家的作品。这里名家也分大名家和小名家。一些影响力和知名度特别大的书画家作品，虽然收益比较高，但投资成本也高。

Celebrities and non celebrities are important limits for measuring artistic value and investment value. To a certain extent, art investment is the work of investment masters. There are great masters and small celebrities. Some calligraphers and painters whose works are especially influential and well-known have high returns but high investment costs.

对一个普通画家来说，要提高知名度是一件很困难的事情，他需要画廊、经纪人、拍卖公司、媒体等诸多方面的努力才能有一些成效。如果画家已有了一定的知名度，那么他的市场就会随之升温，收藏者也就更关注。

It is difficult for an ordinary painter to raise his popularity. He needs the efforts of galleries, brokers, auction companies, the media and so on to get some results. If the painter has a certain degree of popularity, then his market will be warmed up, collectors will pay more attention.

6、作者的社会地位

6. The author's social status

一些书画协会或者圈子的领导，其作品常会成为人们收藏驻足的焦点，被高价追捧。其实，这种领导无非就是两种，一种是凭着自己的艺术造诣和人格魅力征服了大家，还有一种是以行政干预或幕后运作的方式坐到一定位置。后者水平一般都比较平常，但是结交广泛，炒作能力也强，市场常会高于或者严重超出价值。

Leaders of some calligraphy and painting associations or circles, whose works often become the focus of people's collection, are highly sought after. In fact, this kind of leadership is nothing more than two kinds, one is by virtue of their own artistic attainments and personality charm to conquer everyone, and another is by administrative intervention or behind-the-scenes operation to sit in a certain position. The latter level is generally more ordinary, but a wide range of contacts, speculative ability is also strong, market prices are often higher or seriously exceed the value.

面对书画官员，一些藏家慕其光环，不加鉴别地大肆收购，缺乏理性。尤其是对于长线持有的藏家而言，一旦这些领导不再是领导，他们的市场泡沫将会一夜破灭。

In the face of calligraphy and painting officials, some collectors admire their aura and purchase without distinction, lacking rationality. Especially for long-term Tibetans, once these leaders are no longer leaders, their market bubble will burst overnight.

7、年龄结构

7, age structure

评论家在赞扬一些年龄较大的艺术家时，常用到“人画俱老”“人书俱老”的字眼。这是说书画家随着人生阅历的增加，对书画的理解，对笔墨精神的把握会更独到。这一点在画的写意画种中表现得尤为明显。

Critics often use the words "painting is old" and "writing is old" when they praise older artists. This is the story of calligraphers and painters with the increase of life experience, the understanding of painting and calligraphy, the spirit of the grasp of ink will be more unique. This is especially evident in the freehand brushwork of Chinese painting.

有些作品需要艺术家更多的精力，所以在画家年富力强的时候也是多出精品的时候。比如一些工笔画、油画、大构图的山水等。

Some works require more energy from the artist, so when the artist is young and energetic, there is also more quality. For example, some fine brushwork, oil painting, big composition landscape and so on.

收藏一些中青年的作品，潜力较大。眼下，一些书画名人的字画已炒到了一定的价位，而且，很多人收藏了之后就不再轻易拿出来流通了。

Collecting some works of young and middle-aged people has great potential. At present, some calligraphy and painting celebrities have been speculated to a certain price, and many people after the collection is no longer easy to take out circulation.

8、市场铺垫和表现

8, market foreshadowing and performance

艺术作品一旦进入市场，就是一种商品，需要市场的运作来助其顺利转换成效益。有的画家一门心思放在创作上，不屑于俗事，作品没人知

Once a work of art enters the market, it is a commodity that needs the operation of the market to facilitate its smooth conversion into efficiency. Some artists are bent on creation, disdain for vulgar things, and no one knows about works.