写生是画家深入生活、收集素材的主要途径，也是观察、了解物体结构及生态特征的主要手段。花鸟画的写生方式主要是白描。
Sketching is the main way for an artist to go deep into life and collect materials, as well as the main means of observing and understanding the structure and ecological characteristics of objects. Painting sketch is the main way of drawing.
1.写生的工具
1. sketching tools
写生前，应准备写生夹一个，自制或文具店出售的均可，大小以放得下4开纸为宜，再配以铁夹4只。还需准备H~3B五个型号的铅笔数支(或钢笔、绘图直线笔)、橡皮数块、美工刀一把、素描纸数张(裁成4开备用)、折叠小凳一只、速写本一本。如果条件允许，可备一架照相机，用来选取大场面或局部特写，亦可用来记录色彩。
Write before you die, you should prepare a sketch, a self-made or stationery store can be sold, the size of the next release of 4 paper is appropriate, and then with iron clip 4. Also need to prepare H~3B five models of pencil number (or pen, drawing straight line pen), rubber number block, art knife one, sketch paper number (cut into 4 open standby), folding stool, a sketch book. If conditions permit, can be prepared by a camera used to select scenes or local features, can also be used to record the color.

2.写生的方法
2. sketching methods
初学写生的人刚步入大自然，往往会被那些千姿百态、错综复杂的自然景物弄得眼花缭乱，从而产生一种兴奋感和把全部景物都描绘下来的欲望。如果这样照搬自然来写生，往往会吃力不讨好，画出来的写生稿对以后的创作没有多少参考价值。
People who begin to sketch when they have just entered nature are often dazzled by the intricate and intricate nature of the scene, creating a sense of excitement and a desire to depict all the scenes. If such a copy of nature to sketch, often difficult to please, painting sketch of the future of the creation of little reference value.
写生时，要选择入画的角度。写生前，要对所画对象进行、深入的观察，选择能体现对象美感、有利于表现对象结构变化和透视关系的角度来画。其次，要精心地取舍。选取能体现对象结构特征和精神面貌的典型部分进行写生，舍弃那些不美的、重复的、多余的东西。
The sketch, the first step is to choose the picturesque view. In writing, we should have a comprehensive and thorough observation of the objects to be drawn, and choose the angle that can best reflect the aesthetic feeling of the object, the most conducive to the performance of the object, structural changes and perspective relations. Second, make a careful choice. Select the typical parts that can reflect the object structure, features and spiritual outlook, and discard the beautiful, repetitive and unnecessary things.
工笔写生主要是用线来画，不能像西画那样强调块面、色调和光影。要把看到的立体物象提炼成线，并把这些线准确地落到纸上。这对初学者来说可能有点儿困难，但宁可画得慢一些，也要画稳、画准。画得多了，自然会手眼相应，速度也就快了。写生要以收集素材为主要目的，因此应尽量做到真实、准确。写生时，宜按与实物同等的比例作画，这样做易于比较，易于正确掌握各物象之间的比例关系。在画对象的姿态和整体时，还要用局部特写的方法做一些细节记录，如禽鸟的羽毛、爪、喙和花瓣、花萼、花蕊、一组叶子，以及叶子与枝干之间的结构关系等。这样可以节省写生的时间。
Chinese painting is mainly used to draw the line, not as stressed block face, color and light like painting. To see the solid images into line, and these lines accurately fall to the paper. It may be a bit difficult for beginners, but it's better to draw slowly, but also to draw steadily and draw accurately. Draw more, naturally will hand eye accordingly, the speed will be faster. The main purpose of drawing materials is to collect materials, so we should try to be realistic and accurate. When sketching, it is better to draw pictures according to the same proportion as the material. It is easy to compare and easy to master the proportion relation between the images. In the painting object and overall attitude, but also with the method of local feature of some of the details, such as bird feathers and beak and claws, petal, calyx, stamen, a group of leaves, and leaves and branches of the structure etc.. This saves time for sketching.
在一般情况下，工笔写生是白描稿，没有色彩，但可以用文字标注出各部位应用的色彩。当然，也可以直接用颜料做色彩记录。
In general, Chinese painting is gradually release, no color, but can be marked in different parts of the application of color words. Of course, you can also make color records directly with pigments.
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