名人字画的收购收藏已经是市场兴起来的热潮了，但并不是所有的名人字画都值得去收藏，需要一定的鉴定评估，来估计出它们的价值以及。在此可以说，字画本身考察是字画鉴定评估的主要依据！
The acquisition and collection of celebrity calligraphy and painting has been the upsurge of the market, but not all celebrity calligraphy and painting are worth collecting, and certain identification and evaluation are needed to estimate their value and price. Here it can be said that the inspection of calligraphy and painting itself is the main basis for the appraisal and evaluation of calligraphy and painting!
书画本身的考察是鉴定书画的主要依据，这体现在对书画作品的时代风格和个人风格的综合判断上。书画的时代风貌和个人风格是客观存在的。比如以山水画为例：
The inspection of painting and calligraphy itself is the main basis for the appraisal of painting and calligraphy, which is reflected in the comprehensive judgment of the era style and personal style of painting and calligraphy works. The era style and personal style of calligraphy and painting exist objectively. Take landscape painting as an example:
晋唐以前的山水画，技法只是涂抹，没有开裂，树木、石头的形象比较幼稚。在唐代的山水画中，钩子已经出现，表现力有所增强。五朝和北宋时期，斩法多种多样，刻画手段进一步丰富。此时的山水画，刻意营造写实的物件，采用全景构图，用笔精准精准。南宋山水画讲究结构的剪裁，笔法深沉厚重。但随着元代文人画的兴起，作品不再针对实物。当然，时代风格的变化并非完全不同，演变中也有联系和交织。
Before the Jin and Tang dynasty landscape painting, techniques just smear, no cracking, the image of trees, stones more naive. In the landscape paintings of the Tang Dynasty, hooks have appeared and their expression has been enhanced. During the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty, the chopping methods were varied and the carving methods were further enriched. At this time, landscape painting deliberately created realistic objects, using panoramic composition, precise and accurate pen. Southern Song Dynasty landscape painting pays attention to the cutting of structure, and the brushwork is deep and thick. But with the rise of literati painting in yuan Dynasty, works no longer aimed at objects. Of course, the change of the style of The Times is not completely different, there are also connections and interweaving in the evolution.
风格的分析和理解是以对书画中几个主要因素的艺术特征的识别和分析为具体内容。经过长期的实践，每一位书画家都形成了自己的笔法特色。在隐、退、韵、转、快、重、方、圆的手法上，以及字体的衔接和简化，表现出笔法的习惯性特征。而且，随着书画家各自的艺术风格逐渐形成，这种习惯性的笔法自然而然地出现，并在他们的作品中反复出现。
The analysis and understanding of style is based on the identification and analysis of the artistic characteristics of several main factors in painting and calligraphy. Through long-term practice, every calligrapher and painter has formed his own style of brushwork. , in hidden, back, rhyme, turn, fast, heavy, square, round techniques, as well as font cohesion and simplification, showing the habitual characteristics of brushwork. Moreover, with the gradual formation of the respective artistic styles of painters and calligraphers, this habitual brushwork emerged naturally and recurred in their works.
同一位书画家的笔法，在他们的书画中会有一个共同的表现。不同书画家的笔法只有相似，但并不完全相同。即使是相同类型的笔画也有差异。因此，模仿者很难在短时间内强行将模仿者经过长期训练形成的笔法转变为自己的笔法。刻意抄袭会失去本性；随意的放纵，很容易显露出临摹者自身笔法的特点。
The brushwork of the same calligrapher and painter will have a common expression in their painting and calligraphy. The brushwork of different painters and calligraphers is similar, but not identical. Even the same type of strokes can vary. Therefore, it is difficult for the imitator to force the imitator's brush strokes formed through long-term training into his own in a short time. Deliberately copying will lose their nature; Casual indulgence, it is easy to reveal the characteristics of the copycat's own brushwork.
字画鉴定评估人员认为，如果模仿者和被模仿者是完全相反的两种笔法——厚重光滑或方软，就更难接近了。书画家在色墨的运用、结构的排列上也有自己的特点。相比之下，笔法特征更难模仿。清代景德镇窑的彩龙凤纹笔盒各具特色，可以区分不同书画家的作品，判断真伪。
If the copycat and the copycat are opposite strokes - thick and smooth or square and soft - it is more difficult to approach, according to the celebrity calligrapher. Calligraphers and painters also have their own characteristics in the use of color and ink and the arrangement of structure. In contrast, brushwork features are more difficult to imitate. The jingdezhen kiln in the Qing Dynasty has its own unique dragon and phoenix pattern pen boxes, which can distinguish the works of different calligraphers and painters and judge whether they are authentic or not.
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