Now many people like to collect some old calligraphy and painting, not only because the appreciation potential of old calligraphy and painting is great, but also because the artistic value of some old calligraphy and painting is very high and worth collecting. But the complexity of the market makes many collectors begin to be disappointed in the face of the authenticity of old calligraphy and painting, so today let the appraisal evaluation of calligraphy and painting explain how to evaluate the authenticity of old calligraphy and painting.

　　绢鉴别。

　　书画所用的材料绢和纸对于书画的断代起着一定的作用。绢和纸的鉴别是鉴定书画又一途径。

　　Silk.

　　Silk and paper, the materials used in calligraphy and painting, play a certain role in dating calligraphy and painting. Silk and paper identification is another way to identify calligraphy and painting.

　　装潢鉴别。

　　各个时代书画装潢有各自特色，可作为鉴别断代的辅助依据。如南宋宫廷收藏的书画有规定的装裱格式--绍兴御府装潢式，对不同等级的书画采用什么材料来装裱，都有严格的规定，如手卷用什么包首、什么绫子、什么轴心；立轴的用料的颜色、尺寸、轴头等都有一定的格式。元代宫廷藏画选择专人装裱。

　　Decoration identification.

　　The decoration of calligraphy and painting in each era has its own characteristics, which can be used as an auxiliary basis for identifying the date. For example, paintings and calligraphy collected by the imperial court of the Southern Song Dynasty have a specified mounting format -- the decoration style of the Imperial Palace of Shaoxing. There are strict rules on the materials used for mounting paintings and calligraphy of different grades, such as what kind of head, damako and axis should be used for hand scrolls. Vertical shaft material color, size, shaft head have a certain format. Yuan Dynasty palace paintings choose a special person mounted.

　　印章鉴别。

　　印章的时代特征与气息也是鉴别书画的佐证。印章的时代气息可从其形状、篆文、刻法、质地、印色等方面出来。比如，宋代的书画作品，盖上书画家本人的印章为数很少，大多数书画家在作品上并不钤盖本人的印章。宋代印章铜、玉居多，少量是其它质料的。

　　Seal identification.

　　The characteristics of The Times and the smell of the seal are also evidence of the identification of calligraphy and painting. The era of the seal can be seen from its shape, seal writing, carving, texture and color. For example, in the paintings and calligraphers of the Song Dynasty, the seals of the calligraphers and painters themselves are very few, and most calligraphers and painters do not overlay their seals on their works. The seals of song Dynasty were mostly copper and jade, and a little of them were made of other materials.

　　题跋鉴别。

　　题跋可分三类：作者的题跋，同时代人的题跋，后人的题跋。某件书画的题跋虽然也有对这件作品加以否定的，但是少数。多的是为了说明这件作品的创作过程，收藏关系，又或考证它的真、表扬它的美，于是人所共知的。但书画既有伪作，题跋方面也同样有多种的作伪情况，因此书画鉴定不能不注意它的"张变幻"。真古画而配以别人的伪跋，或伪古画而配以别人的真跋，都是常见之事。画上如有作者同时人的题跋，应当弄清楚他和作者之间的关系。这方面的情况从书画本身并不见得能知道，而须从一些题跋中去探索。后人的题跋对书画鉴定能起多大作用，更要根据具体情况来进行分析。

　　Identification of characters and postscripts.

　　Chinese characters and postscripts can be divided into three categories: the author's Chinese characters and postscripts, contemporary Chinese characters and postscripts, later generations. Some calligraphy and painting postscript although there are negative to this work, but a few. Most are to explain the creation process of this work, collection relationship, or textual research of its true, praise its beauty, so it is known to all. However, there are both forgeries in calligraphy and painting, and there are also a variety of forgeries in prefixes and postscripts, so the identification of calligraphy and painting cannot pay attention to its "zhang changes". True ancient painting and matched with other people's pseudo postscript, or pseudo ancient painting and matched with other people's true postscript, are common things. If there is an author on the painting at the same time, we should make clear the relationship between him and the author. This aspect of the painting and calligraphy itself can not be known, and must be explored from some inscriptions and postscripts. Later generations of Chinese characters and postscripts can play much role in the identification of calligraphy and painting, but also according to the specific situation to analyze.

　　面对老字画，很多人会选择找的人或者机构来进行字画鉴定评估，此时选择哪家机构或者哪个人要多多对比关注以及调查，不要让自己经受不好的损失。更多相关内容您可以登录http://www.jinandayatang.com我们网站进行了解咨询。

　　In the face of old calligraphy and painting, many people will choose to find professional people or institutions for the appraisal and evaluation of calligraphy and painting. At this time, choose which institution or person to pay more attention to and investigate, so as not to let yourself suffer bad losses. More relevant content you can login to our website http://www.jinandayatang.com to know consultation.