The density, thickness, curving and straightness, dynamic flexibility and the change of virtual and real of fine brushwork lines reflect the rhythm and rhythm of fine brushwork. Fine brushwork without color is actually a complete line drawing. It can be said that a good fine brushwork must first have good lines. The charm of lines is half of the success of fine brushwork.

工笔线条虽然有很强的平面性和装饰性，但它所表现出的空间感不可小觑。其实国画的空间感也就是画的“透视”，当然，它不同于西画的焦点透视，而以散点透视为主。讲究“步随景移”，更多的时候只要能清晰表达出描绘物体的前后、上下、左右关系即可，并不严格考究局部的造型精准，这也是重要的审美特征之一。

Although fine brushwork lines have strong planarity and decoration, the sense of space they show can not be underestimated. In fact, the sense of space of traditional Chinese painting is also the perspective of traditional Chinese painting. Of course, it is different from the focus perspective of Western painting, and mainly focuses on scattered perspective. Pay attention to the "step with the scene", more often as long as you can clearly express the relationship between the front and back, up and down, left and right of the depicted object, and do not strictly study the accuracy of local modeling, which is also one of the important aesthetic characteristics of Chinese painting.

工笔画造型主要体现在“应物用线”，不同的表现对象，采取不同的用笔理念和技巧。如轻盈的花瓣宜用游丝描、凝重的叶子宜用铁线描、木本枝干宜用逆锋涩笔、草本茎藤宜用中锋润笔等等。观赏元永乐宫壁画，就会发现画中用线对质感的把握是非常精准的。

Fine brushwork modeling is mainly reflected in the "Application of line", different performance objects, take different pen concepts and techniques. For example, light petals should be traced by gossamer, heavy leaves should be traced by iron thread, woody branches should be traced by inverse sharp pen, and herbaceous stems and vines should be traced by center point. When you watch the murals of Yongle Palace in Yuan Dynasty, you will find that the grasp of texture with lines is very accurate.

细观前人今贤的工笔花鸟作品，就会发现一个通用的用线特点，就是花叶的根部用线较粗浓，而花叶的瓣尖部位则用线较细淡，圆柱状的物体暗面的用线也比亮面要略粗一点。

If you look at the fine brushwork of the predecessors and modern sages, you will find a common feature of using the line, that is, the line at the root of the flower leaf is thicker, while the line at the tip of the flower leaf is thinner, and the line on the dark side of the cylindrical object is slightly thicker than that on the bright side.